The main of this paper is to study the room for maneuver of ECOWAS States in terms of fiscal policy under external debt in the face of persistent budgetary imbalances. It seeks to assess the macroeconomic effects of budget deficits conditioned by external debt over the 2000-2016 period. To do this. we propose a simple threshold effects model with fixed effects relating the budget defi... https://sportshutes.shop/product-category/outdoors/