Abstract Traditional approaches to coastal defence often struggle to reduce the risks of accelerated climate change. Incorporating nature-based components into coastal defences may enhance adaptation to climate change with added benefits. but we need to compare their performance against conventional hard measures. We conduct a meta-analysis that compares the performances of hard. https://www.spidertattooz.com/Varvaglione-Primitivo-di-Manduria-Papale-2020-750ml/